{"id":309,"date":"2010-03-03T08:39:20","date_gmt":"2010-03-03T08:39:20","guid":{"rendered":""},"modified":"2013-02-07T12:10:28","modified_gmt":"2013-02-07T04:10:28","slug":"linux%e7%9a%84%e5%90%af%e5%8a%a8%e8%bf%9b%e7%a8%8b%e4%b8%8e%e6%9c%8d%e5%8a%a1","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ybzx.vip\/wp\/?p=309","title":{"rendered":"linux\u7684\u542f\u52a8\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4e0e\u670d\u52a1"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u5f53\u5e74\u5bf9dos\u5f00\u673a\u6d41\u7a0b\u719f\u77e5\uff0c\u5e2e\u52a9\u6211\u89e3\u51b3\u4e86\u4e0d\u5c11\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8eLinux\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u81ea\u7136\u4e5f\u5c11\u4e0d\u4e86\u8fd9\u90e8\u5206\u57fa\u7840\u77e5\u9053\u3002LINUX\u7684\u542f\u52a8\u8fc7\u7a0b\u7a76\u7adf\u662f\u600e\u4e48\u6837\u7684?\u5b83\u8981\u542f\u52a8\u54ea\u4e9b\u670d\u52a1?\u8fd9\u4e9b\u670d\u52a1\u662f\u505a\u4ec0\u4e48\u7528\u7684? deflag\u7684\u8fd9\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\u503c\u5f97\u4e00\u8bfb\u3002<\/p>\n

\u672c\u6587\u4ee5RED HAT LINUX9\u4e3a\u8303\u4f8b\u4ecb\u7ecd,\u5176\u5b9e\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u7684LINUX\u90fd\u6709\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u542f\u52a8\u8fc7\u7a0b.
\u542f\u52a8\u8fc7\u7a0b\u5927\u81f4\u5206\u4e3a:<\/p>\n

1)\u5f00\u673a\u81ea\u68c0,\u8bfb\u53d6MBR\u4e2d\u7684\u5f15\u5bfc\u7a0b\u5e8f(\u6bd4\u5982,\u73b0\u5728\u7684GRUB,LILO\u5f15\u5bfc\u5668)\uff1b
2)\u5f15\u5bfc\u5668\u6839\u636e\u7528\u6237\u6240\u9009\u62e9\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf,\u5f15\u5bfc\u76f8\u5e94\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf,LINUX\u5f15\u5bfc\u5176\u5185\u6838\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff1b
3)LINUX\u5185\u6838\u8d1f\u8d23\u542f\u52a8\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u524d\u671f\u5de5\u4f5c,\u52a0\u8f7dINIT\u8fdb\u7a0b\uff1b(INIT\u662f\u5185\u6838\u542f\u52a8\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b)
4)\u6839\u636e\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u8fd0\u884c\u7ea7\u522b,\u52a0\u8f7d\u76f8\u5e94\u7684\u670d\u52a1\uff1b
5)\u6700\u540e,\u63d0\u793a\u7528\u6237\u8f93\u5165\u7528\u6237\u540d\u548c\u767b\u5f55\u5bc6\u7801\uff1b
\u770b\u770b\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5427
\u4e00,init\u8fdb\u7a0b
init\u8fdb\u7a0b\u662f\u7cfb\u7edf\u5f15\u5bfc\u8fd0\u884c\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b,\u5176\u662f\u6240\u6709\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u7956\u5148,\u5176\u8fdb\u7a0b\u53f7(PID)\u6c38\u8fdc\u90fd\u662f”1″.init\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6309\u7167
\u5176\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6,\u5f15\u5bfc\u8fd0\u884c\u7cfb\u7edf\u6240\u9700\u7684\u5176\u5b83\u8fdb\u7a0b.
\u6211\u4eec\u770b\u770binit\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6
#more \/etc\/inittab
#
#inittab   This file describes how the INIT process should set up
# the system in a certain run-level
#
#Author:  Miquel van Smoorenburn,
# Modified for THS Linux by Marc Ewing and Donnie Barnes
#
#Default runlevel.The runlevels used by RHS are:
# 0-halt(DO NOT set initdefault to this)
# 1-Single user mode
# 2-Multiuer,without NFS(The same as 3,if you do not have networking)
# 3-Full multiuser mode
# 4-unused
# 5-X11
# 6-reboot(DO NOT set initdefault to this)
#
id:3:initdefault:
#System initialization.
si::sysinit:\/etc\/rc.d\/rc.sysinit
10:0:wait:\/etc\/rc.d\/rc 0
11:1:wait:\/etc\/rc.d\/rc 1
12:2:wait:\/etc\/rc.d\/rc 2
13:3:wait:\/etc\/rc.d\/rc 3
14:4:wait:\/etc\/rc.d\/rc 4
15:5:wait:\/etc\/rc.d\/rc 5
16:6:wait:\/etc\/rc.d\/rc 6
#Trap CTRL-ALT-DELETE
ca::ctrlaltdel:\/sbin\/shutdown -t3 -r now<\/p>\n

pf::powerfail:\/sbin\/shutdown -f -h +2 “Power failure;System Shutting Down”
pr::12345:powerokwait:\/sbin\/shutdown -c “Power Restored;Shutdown Cancelled”
#Run gettys in standard rnlevels
1:2345:respawn:\/sbin\/mingetty tty1
2:2345:respawn:\/sbin\/mingetty tty2
3:2345:respawn:\/sbin\/mingetty tty3
4:2345:respawn:\/sbin\/mingetty tty4
5:2345:respawn:\/sbin\/mingetty tty5
6:2345:respawn:\/sbin\/mingetty tty6
x:5:respawn:\/etc\/X11\/prefdm -nodaemon<\/p>\n

\u5206\u6790\u4e00\u4e0bINITTAB\u6587\u4ef6:
inittab\u662f\u4f5c\u4e3ainit\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6.\u7528\u4e8e\u63cf\u8ff0\u4e00\u4e9b\u7cfb\u7edf\u542f\u52a8\u65f6\u76f8\u5e94\u7684\u8fd0\u884c\u7ea7\u522b\u548c\u670d\u52a1\u8fdb\u7a0b.
\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230,inittab\u6587\u4ef6\u90fd\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u901a\u7528\u683c\u5f0f,\u4e3a:
id:runlevel:action:process
id—-\u7528\u4e8e\u5728inittab\u6587\u4ef6\u60df\u4e00\u6807\u8bc6\u4e00\u4e2a\u914d\u7f6e\u4fe1\u606f,\u53ef\u4ee5\u67091~4\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\u7ec4\u6210.
runlevel—-\u6307\u5b9a\u914d\u7f6e\u4fe1\u606f\u5728\u54ea\u4e2a\u8fd0\u884c\u7ea7\u522b\u4e0a\u8fd0\u884c\uff1b
action—\u6307\u5b9a\u8be5\u6761\u914d\u7f6e\u4fe1\u606f\u6240\u8981\u53d1\u751f\u7684\u52a8\u4f5c.\u5177\u4f53\u6709\u4ee5\u4e0b\u51e0\u4e2a\u52a8\u4f5c:
1)initdefault–\u6307\u5b9a\u9ed8\u8ba4\u8fd0\u884c\u7ea7\u522b\uff1b
2)sysinit–\u8868\u793a\u6b64\u7c7b\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5728boot\u6216bootwait\u7c7b\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4e4b\u524d\u8fd0\u884c,\u8fd0\u884c\u7ea7\u522b\u5b57\u6bb5\u88ab\u5ffd\u7565.
3)wait—\u6307\u5b9a\u6709\u8fdb\u5165\u6307\u5b9a\u8fd0\u884c\u7ea7\u522b\u540e\u8fd0\u884c.
4)ctrlaltdel–\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5927\u5bb6\u5f88\u719f\u6089,\u91cd\u542f\u4f5c\u7528.
5)powerfail,powerwait–\u6307\u5b9aUPS\u65ad\u7535\u4fe1\u53f7\u53d1\u751f\u65f6\u6240\u8fd0\u884c\u7684\u547d\u4ee4.
6)respawn—\u5728\u542f\u52a8\u540e\u91cd\u65b0\u8fd0\u884c(\u5982\u63a7\u5236\u53f0getty)
7)process—\u8bbe\u7f6e\u542f\u52a8\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6240\u8fdb\u884c\u7684\u547d\u4ee4.
\u8fd0\u884c\u7ea7\u522b,\u4e00\u5171\u67090~6\u516d\u4e2a\u8fd0\u884c\u7ea7\u522b,\u6ce8\u610f\u7ea7\u522b4\u6ca1\u6709\u6307\u5b9a\u4f7f\u7528.\u5177\u4f53\u8fd0\u884c\u7ea7\u522b,\u5728\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u5df2\u7ed9\u51fa.
\u6280\u5de7:
#runlevel \/\/\u67e5\u770b\u5f53\u524d\u8fd0\u884c\u7ea7\u522b.
N 3
#init n    \/\/n\u4e3a\u8fd0\u884c\u7ea7\u522b,\u7528\u8fd9\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4\u53ef\u4ee5\u8f6c\u6362\u8fd0\u884c\u7ea7\u522b.
\u770b\u770b\u7cfb\u7edf\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u811a\u672c:
inittab\u6587\u4ef6\u6307\u5b9a\u4f5c\u7528rc.sysinit\u4f5c\u4e3a\u7cfb\u7edf\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u811a\u672c.
#grep sysinit \/etc\/inittab
\u6709\u5174\u8da3\u7684\u7528\u6237\u53ef\u4ee5\u81ea\u884c\u9605\u8bfb.<\/p>\n

linux\u5728\u7684\u72ec\u7acb\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4e0e\u670d\u52a1\u7a0b\u5e8f
\u4ee5redhat linux 9\u4e3a\u4f8b,\u5b83\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u7a0b\u5e8f\u6709\u4e24\u79cd:\u72ec\u7acb\u670d\u52a1\u548c\u53d7xinetd\u7ba1\u7406\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u7a0b\u5e8f.\u6ce8\u610f\u5176\u5b9exinetd\u4e5f\u662f<\/p>\n

\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u72ec\u7acb\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6765\u8fd0\u884c\u7684.
linux\u4e2d\u7684\u6bcf\u4e2a\u670d\u52a1\u90fd\u6709\u76f8\u5e94\u7684\u8fd0\u884c\u811a\u672c,\u53ef\u7528\u4e8e\u8bbe\u7f6e\u542f\u52a8,\u505c\u6b62,\u91cd\u542f\u548c\u67e5\u8be2\u670d\u52a1\u7b49\u4fe1\u606f;\u6240\u6709\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u811a\u672c<\/p>\n

\u90fd\u5199\u5728”\/etc\/rc.d\/init.d”\u4e2d,\u811a\u672c\u540d\u79f0\u548c\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u540d\u79f0\u76f8\u5bf9\u5e94,\u5927\u90fd\u6709\u8bf4\u660e,\u5927\u5bb6\u53ef\u81ea\u5df1\u67e5\u770b,
\u5404\u8fd0\u884c\u7ea7\u522b\u7684\u811a\u672c\u76ee\u5f55\u6240\u5728\u4f4d\u7f6e\u4e3a:\/etc\/rc.d\u5f53\u4e2d\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230\u4ee50~6\u52a0\u5728RC\u7684\u540e\u9762,\u6784\u6210\u4e86\u76f8\u5e94\u7684\u8fd0\u884c\u7ea7\u522b\u670d<\/p>\n

\u52a1\u811a\u672c\u76ee\u5f55.\u53ef\u8fdb\u5165\u76f8\u5e94\u7ea7\u522b\u7684\u811a\u672c\u76ee\u5f55,\u67e5\u770b\u5176\u6709\u4ec0\u4e48\u8bbe\u7f6e.\u6bd4\u5982,\u6211\u4eec\u8fdb\u5165\u7ea7\u522b3\u6709\u811a\u672c\u76ee\u5f55:
#ls \/etc\/rc.d\/rc3.d\/
K05saslauthd  K68ipsec K96pcmcia S17keytable  S55sshd
\u8fd9\u91cc\u53ea\u5217\u51fa\u4e00\u884c\u8fdb\u884c\u5206\u6790,\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230\u6bcf\u4e2a\u670d\u52a1\u76ee\u5f55\u90fd\u6709\u4e00\u4e9b\u660e\u663e\u7684\u7279\u70b9,\u524d\u9762\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a”K”\u4ee3\u8868”KILL”\u662f\u6307\u8fd9\u4e2a\u670d\u52a1\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7ea7\u522b\u88ab\u505c\u6b62.\u82e5\u524d\u9762\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a”s”\u8868\u793a”Start”,\u8868\u793a\u8fd9\u4e2a\u670d\u52a1\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8fd0\u884c\u7ea7\u522b\u88ab\u542f\u52a8.\u5728K\u6216S\u7684\u540e\u9762\u6709\u4e00\u4e9b\u6570\u5b57,\u8fd9\u662f\u670d\u52a1\u7684\u5e8f\u53f7,\u5f53\u542f\u52a8\u670d\u52a1\u65f6,\u6309\u5e8f\u53f7\u4ece\u5c0f\u5230\u5927\u542f\u52a8,\u5f53\u505c\u6b62\u670d\u52a1\u65f6,\u6309\u5e8f\u53f7\u4ece\u5927\u5230\u5c0f\u505c\u6b62.<\/p>\n

\u4f7f\u7528SHELL\u547d\u4ee4\u6765\u505c\u6b62\u6216\u8005\u8fd0\u884c\u670d\u52a1—service
#service xinetd stop \/\/\u505c\u6b62\u8fd0\u884cxinetd\u670d\u52a1
Stopping xinetd:
#service xinetd start \/\/\u542f\u52a8xinetd\u670d\u52a1<\/p>\n

\u6280\u5de7:\u6709\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u6211\u4eec\u5229\u7528LINUX\u8fdb\u884c\u4e0a\u7f51\u65f6,\u4e0d\u80fd\u8054\u7f51,\u5176\u5b9e\u6709\u4e9b\u65f6\u5019\u662f\u7531\u4e8eLINUX\u9632\u706b\u5899\u7684\u539f\u56e0,\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u80fd\u5173\u95ed\u9632\u706b\u5899,\u4f7f\u7528\u8fd9\u4e2a\u547d:#service iptables stop<\/span><\/p>\n

\u670d\u52a1\u542f\u52a8\u72b6\u6001\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u547d\u4ee4:
1. ntsysv<\/span>
2. chkconfig,\u8fd9\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4\u529f\u80fd\u5f3a\u5927,\u770b\u770b\u5427:
  \u67e5\u770b\u670d\u52a1\u542f\u52a8\u72b6\u6001:#CHKCONFIG –LIST [SERVICES]
  E.G.:
  #chkconfig –list  \/\/\u67e5\u770b\u7cfb\u7edf\u6240\u6709\u670d\u52a1\u7684\u542f\u52a8\u72b6\u6001.
  #chkconfig –list syslog \/\/\u67e5\u770bsyslog\u670d\u52a1\u7684\u542f\u52a8\u72b6\u6001.
  \u8bbe\u7f6e\u72ec\u7acb\u670d\u52a1\u7684\u542f\u52a8\u72b6\u6001:#chkconfig –level
  e.g.:
  #chkconfig –level 123 syslog off \/\/\u8868\u793asyslog\u8fd9\u4e2a\u670d\u52a1\u57281,2,3\u505c\u6b62\u8fd0\u884c.
\u7ed3\u675f.<\/p>\n

\u8f6c\u8f7d\u81ea http:\/\/blog.csdn.net\/deflag\/archive\/2005\/05\/28\/383092.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u5f53\u5e74\u5bf9dos\u5f00\u673a\u6d41\u7a0b\u719f\u77e5\uff0c\u5e2e\u52a9\u6211\u89e3\u51b3\u4e86\u4e0d\u5c11\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8eLinux\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u81ea\u7136\u4e5f\u5c11\u4e0d\u4e86\u8fd9\u90e8\u5206\u57fa\u7840\u77e5\u9053\u3002LINUX\u7684\u542f … \u7ee7\u7eed\u9605\u8bfblinux\u7684\u542f\u52a8\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4e0e\u670d\u52a1<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[117],"tags":[78],"class_list":["post-309","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-network","tag-linux"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/ybzx.vip\/wp\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/309","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/ybzx.vip\/wp\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/ybzx.vip\/wp\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ybzx.vip\/wp\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ybzx.vip\/wp\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=309"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/ybzx.vip\/wp\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/309\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/ybzx.vip\/wp\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=309"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ybzx.vip\/wp\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=309"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ybzx.vip\/wp\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=309"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}